Duo Russian Grammar

54) Kitchen and Food

есть

The verb «есть» (to eat) doesn't have a true perfective partner according to some sources. Its perfective counterpart would depend on the meaning:

  • I ate an apple → съесть
  • I had a bite to eat then went to the museum → пое́сть

So, when you mean consuming a certain "object", you use «съесть» to express that the object is fully eaten (within reason, it obviously doesn't have to be the seeds, core and all to 'count'!) However, when you are talking about the activity of eating as replenishing your energy, having a lunch break etc., use «пое́сть». In this skill we teach «съесть».

"Я пое́л суп/су́па" would mean that you ate some soup, focusing on the fact of having a meal rather than full consumption. This will sound strange with small foodstuffs which are typically eaten completely (sandwiches, apples etc.) If this is the case, it's better to outright state that you ate a piece or took a bite of something.

килограмм

When counting, the Genitive plural form for «грамм» and «килограмм» may be either of the following:

  • 5 гра́ммов / 5 килогра́ммов
  • 5 грамм / 5 килогра́мм

The zero-ending option is definitely the most popular these days, at least in speech (it was considered colloquial about 40 years ago).

пакет

«Су́мка» is a bag made of a durable material. An expendable plastic or paper bag typical of supermarkets is «паке́т». And it is actually полиэтиле́новый (polyethylene), not пла́стиковый (which is usually used for hard plastics).

«Пакет» is also used for packs of sugar, salt, rice, milk etc.

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